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Perineural Metastasis to The Cranial Nerves in Head and Neck Malignancies


CASE PRESENTATION

DISTANT METASTASIS

The Trigeminal Nerve
Case 1 - Recurrent basal cell carcinoma of right cheek with metastasis right infraorbital nerve
Case 2 - Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of left cheek with metastasis to left maxillary division of trigeminal nerve
Case 3 - Adenoid cystic carcinoma of left maxillary sinus with metastasis to maxillary division and gasserian ganglion
Case 4 - Recurrent adenoid cystic carcinoma of left submandibular gland with metastasis to left mandibular division and gasserian ganglion
Case 5 - Neurogenic sarcoma of left mandible with metastasis to mandibular division and gasserian ganglion
Case 6 - Recurrent tumor of right lower lip with  metastasis to mandibular division and gasserian ganglion
Case 7 - Melanoma of right cheek with metastasis to maxillary division
Case 8 - Melanoma of right neck with metastasis to mandibular division and gasserion ganglion
 
The Facial Nerve
Case 9 - Adenoid cystic carcinoma of left parotic gland with metastasis to facial nerve
Case 10 - Recurrent tumor of right parotid gland with metastasis to facial nerve and base of the brain
Case 11 - Advanced adenoid cystic carcinoma of right parotid gland with extensive involvement of facial nerve and geniculate ganglion
The Hypoglossal Nerve
Case 12 - Recurrent mixed germ cell tumor of pineal area with leptomeningeal spread and perineural metastasis to the hypoglossal nerve
Case 13 -
a.  Adenoid cystic carcinoma of tongue, post-operative status without evidence of recurrence
b.  Exensive perineural metastasis to hypoglossal, spinal accessory, vagus and glossopharygeal nerves

REGIONAL EXTENSION

Case 14 - Squamous cell carcinoma of right external auditory canal with possible perineural extension to mastoid segment of facial nerve
Case 15 - Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of right orbit with extension to ophthalmic division and gasserian ganglion
Case 16 - Adenoid cystic carcinoma of left lateral wall of nasopharynx with extension to maxillary division of trigeminal nerve and gasserian ganglion
Case 17 - Squamous cell carcinoma of posterolateral wall of nasopharynx with extension to mandibular division of trigeminal and greater superficial petrosal nerves
Case 18 - Lymphoepithelioma of the nasopharynx with extensive extension to maxillary and mandibular divisions of trigeminal and hypoglossal nerves

    

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