etiology

acute appendicitis, colon perforation (diverticulitis, tumor), gastric/duodenal perforation, regional enteritis, pancreatitis, renal abscess rupture, pyelonephritis, obstruction (tumor), surgery, nephrolithiasis

symptoms, signs

fever, chills, tenderness, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dysuria, weight loss, lumbar/thigh/knee pain (m. psoas irritation). Palpable tenderness/pain, peritoneal irritation, palpable formation, pain in hip extension, haematuria.

diagnostics

leukocytosis, increased FW, pyuria, positive urine culture, abdominal X-ray (extraintestinal air in the abscess/cavity, displacement of adjacent organs by contrast examination, loss of m. psoas shadow, stones), chest X-ray (diaphragm elevation, pleural effusion, pneumonia), atelectasis, CT scan

complications

propagation of infection (anterior abdominal wall, lumbar joint, m. psoas, subphrenic space, mediastinum, pleural cavity)

therapy - principles

surgical evacuation and drainage, systemic antimicrobial drugs